Deep knowledge of international markets and regulatory systems from decades of leadership in multiple European markets and service on numerous global public and private company boards supports the Board's oversight of Salesforce's global operations and strategy. Regulatory and governmental relations expertise provides unique insights into the governance of cross-border technology, competition and data security matters. Experience in commercial competition, company mergers and antitrust law, which together provide a valuable perspective as Salesforce competes under a wide range of regulatory regimes. Former Vice President of the European Commission, European Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society (previously for Digital Agenda) (2010 2014) and European Commissioner for Competition (2004 2010). Former member of the Dutch House of Representatives, including as State Secretary and Cabinet Minister. Former member of the Global Policy Advisory Board of Uber Technologies (2016 2019). Former Special Advisor to Bank of America Merrill Lynch (2015 2018). Former member of the boards of Prologis, Lucent Technologies Netherlands, Volvo AB, McDonald's Netherlands, Thales Group, Brambles Industries Ltd., Royal P&O Nedlloyd, and as chairperson of Nyenrode University. Member of the European Advisory Board (since 2026) and Advisor (since 2021) of Planet Labs PBC, a satellite imagery and analytics company. M.S. in Economics from Erasmus University. Age: 84. Director Since: 2016.